Annotated+Bibliography

1.) "The Importance of Music Education." //Essortment Articles: Free Online Articles on Health, Science, Education & More..// Web. 05 Oct. 2010. []

Information: Summary: Evaluation: Reflection:
 * The authors name is Catherine Hillard
 * There is a lot of information in the article. It is directed towards anyone who wants to work in the music field
 * Her thesis is how many people underestimate music education in schools today. Teachers had to learn many things about music history. For example, teachers have to learn general education materials, psychology, technique, how to play almost every instrument, how to repair instruments, music history and theory, and much more. Music also helps with other subjects like math and science. Music is important and many people are not supporting it enough and kids are not getting the experience that they should get.
 * The work is logical and well-researched. There are many facts that back up the argument
 * The author is motivated to argue a certain position which is to say that music education is being underestimated.
 * I learned that there is a lot more to becoming a music teacher than expected. Evidence to support my argument is that music classes helps students with other classes like science and math.

2.) "Benefits of Music Education | VH1 Save The Music." //VH1 Save The Music | VH1 Save The Music Foundation//. Web. 05 Oct. 2010. .

Information: Summary: Evaluation: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Reflection:
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">There are too many different authors to list that take part in this article. They are many quotes that talk about the same thing and are put into one article. Many of the quotes come from doctors and scientists who did studies on the effect of music on learning skills.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Since there are a lot of authors that are used in this article, it means that there is a lot of information. The article can be used directed towards anyone that does not think music programs are needed, or people who want to know more about how music programs helps students in other school classes
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">The thesis of the article is that music programs help students in other areas of school. The authors are arguing that music programs are important and that they should not be ignored or be removed from school curriculum's.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">In the article it says music enhances the process of learning. Also Researchers at the university of Munster in Germany found out that music lessons in childhood actually enlarge the brain. This article covers why music is important to every day learning.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">The article is clear and well researched. There are many different quotes from scientists all over the world saying that music has a positive affect on learning and school work.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">This article is straight to the point. There are many quotes and entries that support the same topic.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">I learned many things from this source, and there is a lot of evidence to back my topic up. This article consists of quotes about research that well known scientists have done on the topic of music being helpful and important for school students.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">3.) "Music and Learning." //Parenting Grade-School Children -//. Web. 05 Oct. 2010. <http://childparenting.about.com/cs/k6education/a/mozarteffect.htm>.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Information: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Summary: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Evaluation:
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Kimberly Keith is the author of the article. She is a licensed professional counselor with more than ten years of experience in counseling parents and children.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">This article is mainly towards parents who are not sure if music is good for their child or not.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">The thesis of the article is that music does help with learning. When learning something about music, like a song or instrument, the child learns how to put things together like a puzzle which could help him or her in their school work.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">The main main argument is that music can make a child smarter. The author says that learning music helps improve the spatial-temporal reasoning part of the brain.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Not really because there could have been a lot more information added about the subject.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">The author is straight to the point and argues well about music being important to learning.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">4.) Nickerson, Linda A. "The Benefits of Donating Musical Instruments - by Linda Ann Nickerson - Helium." //Helium - Where Knowledge Rules//. Web. 14 Oct. 2010. []

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Information: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Summary: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Evaluation: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Reflection:
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Nickerson began as an editor and a copywriter and has written many types of material ranging from corporate identity books to creative compositions.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">This article is directed towards people who want to help with music education by donating instruments.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">This article tells the reader benefits of donating instruments rather than selling them. It is less time consuming and can give you tax benefits.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Donating instruments is better than selling them because if you sell and instrument you may not even get the cost of the initial purchase. It also convenient and easy to donate instruments because there are always places that help with those kind of opportunities.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">The research is not that clear but it does make some good points
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">The author does address the topic well with some good facts to support it.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">The author takes an objective stance and argues for one topic.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">I have learned that it is easier to donate instruments rather than selling them. If you sell and instrument, it could take a long time and not even get that much money out of it. On the other hand if you donate an instrument, it is easier, faster and the organization you are donating it to may offer to pick it up for you.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">5.) "What We Do | VH1 Save The Music." //VH1 Save The Music | VH1 Save The Music Foundation//. VH1 Save The Music. Web. 18 Oct. 2010. []

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Information: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Summary: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Evaluation: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Reflection:
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">This source has no specific author, but someone from the Save The Music organization has made it for their website. The article is mainly directed towards people who want to help Save The Music by donating.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">The topic of this article is to describe what it is that Save The Music does. This organization helps schools get instruments and money so that students can get a good music education.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">This organization goes around to different school districts that can not afford a music program. They connect with the school board and superintendent to figure out a plan to give students music.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">This source is logical and clear but is not well researched. t is not well researched because it is just an article to inform people about what they do.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">The author does a good job of addressing the topic by saying what and how they help schools around the country.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">I have learned from this article that it takes a lot more steps to help a school then it looks.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">6.) Guth, Patricia. "The Importance of Music Education." //Education and Homeschooling at More4kids//. Web. 19 Oct. 2010. [].

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Information: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Summary: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Evaluation: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Reflection:
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Patricia Guth has a degree in music education and ran many choir groups at different churches
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Guth also taught at many different public and private schools.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">The position that the author is taking is to tell the reader that music education is important and she gives good specific examples as to why she thinks that.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">The author says that being in a band or ensemble builds teamwork and they learn the importance of being a reliable member of a group.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">She also has researched that scientists have figured out that a child who is skilled at music, excels in other skills like problem-solving, analysis, and evaluation.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Even though the source is not that long, it is logical, clear, and well-researched. It has many good examples that make it a good source
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">The author sticks with one topic the whole way throughout the source and does not change her position.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">This source has taught me a lot about what music can do for students and what subjects music can help them in.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">7.) "Music Education Can Help Children Improve Reading Skills." //Science Daily: News & Articles in Science, Health, Environment & Technology//. Web. 21 Oct. 2010. <http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/03/090316075843.htm>.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Information: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Summary: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Evaluation: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Reflection:
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">The authors are Joseph M Piro and Camilo Ortiz. They come from Long Island University.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">They are scientists that researched the effect of music on education and made this article.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">These two researchers did an experiment comparing an elementary school that taught music regularly to another elementary school that did not teach music at all.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">The researchers had the hypothesis that children who have received keyboard instruction as part of a music curriculum increasing in difficulty over successive years would demonstrate significantly better performance on measures of vocabulary and verbal sequencing than students who did not receive keyboard instruction.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">They wanted to aim at two specific skills which were verbal sequencing and vocabulary.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">This source is logical clear and definetly well-researched becuase the researchers went through their experiment step by step and noticed a lot of important details to see a difference between the two schools.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">This source taught me that there are a lot more experiments that figure out if music programs actually help children in other subjects then i thought.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">8.) O'Donnell, Laurence. "Music and the Brain." //"Brain & Mind" Magazine - WWW Home Page//. Web. 25 Oct. 2010. [] . <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Information: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Summary: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Evaluation: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Reflection:
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; tabstops: list .5in;">Laurence O'Donnell III is a musician who plays the bassoon.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; tabstops: list .5in;">He is from Perth, Scotland.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; tabstops: list .5in;">In this source, there is a paragraph talking about how einstein was not the smartest kid in grade school, but his parents bought him a violn and he picked it up really quick. He became very talented at the violin and later on in his life he said that playing the violin helped him and his success.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; tabstops: list .5in;">According to The Center for New Discoveries in Learning, learning potential can be increased by about five times by using a 60 beat per minute music.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; tabstops: list .5in;">In 1982, researchers from the University of North Texas performed a three-way test on postgraduate students to see if music could help to memorizing vocabulary words. The students were split into three groups. Each group was given three tests - a pretest, a posttest, and a test a week after the first two tests. All of the tests were identical. Group 1 was read the words with Handel's Water Music in the background. They were also asked to imagine the words. Group 2 was read the same words also with Handel's Water Music in the background. Group 2 was not asked to imagine the words. Group 3 was only read the words, was not given any background music, and was also not asked to imagine the words. The results from the first two tests showed that groups 1 and 2 had better scores than group 3. The results from the third test, a week later, said that group 1 performed much better than groups 2 or 3.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; tabstops: list .5in;">This source has a lot of very useful information. It gives examples of people who used music to grow their intelligence, gives an example of an experiment that confirms listening to music helps learning, and this source also gives examples of the kind of music that stimulates the brain in a certain way.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; tabstops: list .5in;">This source has taught me how music affects the brain and stimulates it to learn and memorize certain things.

9.) "Effects Music Brain." //Brain Health Information, Free Fun Brain Teasers and Puzzles//. Web. 29 Oct. 2010. [].

Information: Summary: Evaluation: Reflection:
 * There is no author for this article but the website that it comes from looks reliable.
 * Not all the effects of music are positive. Some types of music make the brain loose its sense of symetry between the two halves. This can lead to learning disabilities and behavior disruptions in children. It can also diminish work capabilities in adults.
 * Types of music that can do this include heavy rock/metal or rap.
 * This source is very useful. It shows both ups and downs to music effecting the brain. It is clear and easy to understand and still gives good information.
 * I have learned from this source that even though there at good things in experiments, there are always bad things that effect it.

10.) Manthei, Mike, and Steve N. Kelly. "Effects of Popular and Classical Background Music on the Math Test Scores OfUndergraduate Students." //School of Music - College of The Arts - University of South Florida//. Web. 29 Oct. 2010. []. Information: Summary: Evaluation: Reflection:
 * Mike Manthei is from Minneapolis, MN.
 * Steve N. Kelly graduated from the school The University of Nebraska at Omaha.
 * In the experiments that these two scientists did, they have recorded that the music had no effect on the students testing.
 * During their testing they have found that there were many variables that could have effected there study and they said that they are going to make up another experiment to prove that classical music has a positive effect on students and their testing
 * This source has a lot of information regarding an experiment about music and the brain. It was confusing at first but after reading it a couple times I could understand it alot better.
 * Even though some experiments are succesful in proving that music can help students with testing, some are not. This source shows that the most simple things can effect an experiment in a bad way.